Oral Cancer Removal and Reconstruction
Understanding Oral Cancer and Its Surgical Management
Oral cancer is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that can affect various parts of the mouth, including the tongue, lips, gums, inner cheeks, floor of the mouth, and hard palate. If not treated in time, the cancer can spread to other parts of the body—most commonly the lungs—reducing the chances of survival significantly.
Early Diagnosis is Key
Early detection of oral cancer, usually confirmed through a biopsy, greatly improves treatment outcomes. The first and most crucial step in treatment is often the surgical removal of the tumour, known as oral cancer resection.
What is Oral Cancer Resection?
Oral cancer resection is the surgical procedure to completely remove the tumour along with a margin of healthy tissue to ensure no cancer cells are left behind.
In some cases, neck dissection is also performed to remove lymph nodes if the cancer has started to spread.
Why is Reconstruction Necessary?
After removing the tumour, reconstructive surgery is often required to restore:
- Appearance (aesthetic reconstruction)
- Function (chewing, swallowing, and speaking)
Reconstruction techniques may include:
- Local or regional tissue flaps
- Free tissue transfer using microsurgery
- Dental and maxillofacial prosthetics or implants
The aim is to improve the patient’s quality of life, not just cosmetically, but also emotionally and functionally—helping them regain confidence and reintegrate socially.
Importance of Timely Treatment
Oral cancer is highly curable if detected early. Prompt surgical intervention followed by adjuvant therapy (like radiation or chemotherapy) can greatly improve survival and long-term health.
Delays in treatment can lead to:
- Increased risk of cancer spread
- Loss of oral function
- Facial disfigurement
- Reduced quality of life and survival